“What joy to be a sculptor! Artist. Hooray!” wrote the artist Ida Matton in her diary on 10 August 1923, in spite of the tribulations she sometimes experienced in her chosen profession. That day, work on her sculpture of Gustav Vasa had gone particularly well. The turn of the 20th century saw the emergence of the women’s movement and the fight for equal rights, and women were starting to make their presence felt in various areas of society. Traditionally, the heavy and dirty work of a sculptor was seen as a male occupation. Sculptures of nude bodies were considered unsuitable for ladies. Nevertheless, a relatively large number of women trained as sculptors in Sweden in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
After their studies they travelled to the Continent, and especially to Paris. There, they encountered modern ways of living and new artistic ideals. There were art schools, salon exhibitions and world’s fairs.
The female sculptors were adept at finding new and collaborative approaches, especially when it came to applied art aimed at a wider market. Several of them enjoyed great success at exhibitions and remained in Paris for most of their life. Others led a somewhat nomadic existence across Europe, living independently, and unconventionally by the standards of the time, in free relationships.
Their oeuvre was extensive, encompassing all genres. Often reproduced in various sizes and materials, their sculptures became very popular. But they also came in for criticism and achieved only limited exposure in museums and public spaces. As a result, many of them were forgotten for much of the 20th century.
This exhibition was the result of a multi-year project involving leading Nordic art museums and independent researchers from across northern Europe. The exhibition also had a crowdsourcing component, where the museum invited private individuals to share forgotten stories of female sculptors. Visitors had the opportunity to recognise and rediscover sculptures from public and private settings by artists such as Ida Matton, Ruth Milles, Alice Nordin, Agnes de Frumerie and Sigrid Fridman.
To coincide with the exhibition in spring 2022, Nationalmuseum published an anthology in English about Nordic women sculptors, in collaboration with researchers and writers from Sweden and abroad.
Artists represented in the exhibition
Carolina Benedicks-Bruce 1856–1935
Antoinette Råström 1858–1911
Sigrid Blomberg 1863–1941
Ida Matton 1863–1940
Ida Thoresen 1863–1937
Agnes de Frumerie 1869–1937
Märta Améen 1871–1940
Alice Nordin 1871–1948
Gerda Sprinchorn 1871–1951
Ruth Milles 1873–1941
Hjördis-Nordin-Tengbom 1877–1969
Sigrid Fridman 1879–1963